# MCCRAfrica

> MCCRAfrica brings together leading researchers, policy experts, and local partners to better understand how multilingualism in practice influences violent conflict and peacebuilding across African contexts.


## Posts

- [Introducing ViNSAR: Dyadic Data on Violent Non-state Actor Rivalry](https://mccrafrica.org/introducing-vinsar-dyadic-data-on-violent-non-state-actor-rivalry/): Why do violent non-state actors become rivals, and how can we better measure these relationships? *Introducing ViNSAR* explores these questions by introducing new data on rivalry between rebel groups, terrorist organisations, and pro-government militias, providing a more detailed way to examine competition between violent non-state actors.
- [Competition from Within: Ethnicity, Power, and Militant Group Rivalry](https://mccrafrica.org/competition-from-within-ethnicity-power-and-militant-group-rivalry/): Why do militant groups sometimes become rivals, even when they share similar identities or political goals? This article examines how ethnicity and differences in power can shape rivalry between militant organisations, highlighting the importance of looking at relationships between groups to better understand patterns of political violence.
- [Insurgent terrorism: Intergroup relationships and the killing of civilians](https://mccrafrica.org/insurgent-terrorism-intergroup-relationships-and-the-killing-of-civilians/): Why do insurgent groups sometimes turn their violence against civilians, even when they rely on public support to pursue their goals? Insurgent Terrorism explores this complex question by examining how relationships between insurgent organisations, governments, and civilian populations can shape patterns of violence.
- [Research visit in Mozambique 2025](https://mccrafrica.org/research-visit-in-mozambique/): How is mccrafrica research organised? Our Work Packages The project will develop a new theoretical framework detailing mechanisms whereby practised multilingualism may be related to differences in the risk of conflict onset and prospects for conflict settlement. The framework will incorporate three dimensions of practised multilingualism: language use (daily speech practices), language ideology (views about language and their perceived status), and language policy (which languages are promoted and where, and how this impacts social interactions). The project is organised around three parallel yet interconnected Work Packages (WP, see figure). These will all start in project Year 1 and run simultaneously throughout. The […]
- [Research visit in Northern Uganda 2025](https://mccrafrica.org/research-visit-in-northern-uganda/): How is mccrafrica research organised? Our Work Packages The project will develop a new theoretical framework detailing mechanisms whereby practised multilingualism may be related to differences in the risk of conflict onset and prospects for conflict settlement. The framework will incorporate three dimensions of practised multilingualism: language use (daily speech practices), language ideology (views about language and their perceived status), and language policy (which languages are promoted and where, and how this impacts social interactions). The project is organised around three parallel yet interconnected Work Packages (WP, see figure). These will all start in project Year 1 and run simultaneously throughout. The […]
- [MCCRAfrica Kampala Workshop 2025](https://mccrafrica.org/mccrafrica-kampala-workshop-2025-2/): How is mccrafrica research organised? Our Work Packages The project will develop a new theoretical framework detailing mechanisms whereby practised multilingualism may be related to differences in the risk of conflict onset and prospects for conflict settlement. The framework will incorporate three dimensions of practised multilingualism: language use (daily speech practices), language ideology (views about language and their perceived status), and language policy (which languages are promoted and where, and how this impacts social interactions). The project is organised around three parallel yet interconnected Work Packages (WP, see figure). These will all start in project Year 1 and run simultaneously throughout. The […]
- [Research visit in Nigeria 2025](https://mccrafrica.org/research-visit-in-nigeria-2025/): How is mccrafrica research organised? Our Work Packages The project will develop a new theoretical framework detailing mechanisms whereby practised multilingualism may be related to differences in the risk of conflict onset and prospects for conflict settlement. The framework will incorporate three dimensions of practised multilingualism: language use (daily speech practices), language ideology (views about language and their perceived status), and language policy (which languages are promoted and where, and how this impacts social interactions). The project is organised around three parallel yet interconnected Work Packages (WP, see figure). These will all start in project Year 1 and run simultaneously throughout. The […]
- [Political Studies Association Roundtable](https://mccrafrica.org/political-studies-association-roundtable/): How is mccrafrica research organised? Our Work Packages The project will develop a new theoretical framework detailing mechanisms whereby practised multilingualism may be related to differences in the risk of conflict onset and prospects for conflict settlement. The framework will incorporate three dimensions of practised multilingualism: language use (daily speech practices), language ideology (views about language and their perceived status), and language policy (which languages are promoted and where, and how this impacts social interactions). The project is organised around three parallel yet interconnected Work Packages (WP, see figure). These will all start in project Year 1 and run simultaneously throughout. The […]
- [Research visit in Cameroon 2025](https://mccrafrica.org/research-visit-in-cameroon-2025/): How is mccrafrica research organised? Our Work Packages The project will develop a new theoretical framework detailing mechanisms whereby practised multilingualism may be related to differences in the risk of conflict onset and prospects for conflict settlement. The framework will incorporate three dimensions of practised multilingualism: language use (daily speech practices), language ideology (views about language and their perceived status), and language policy (which languages are promoted and where, and how this impacts social interactions). The project is organised around three parallel yet interconnected Work Packages (WP, see figure). These will all start in project Year 1 and run simultaneously throughout. The […]
- [Inaugural Practitioner Advisory Group Meeting 2025](https://mccrafrica.org/practitioner-advisory-group-inaugural-meeting-2025/): How is mccrafrica research organised? Our Work Packages The project will develop a new theoretical framework detailing mechanisms whereby practised multilingualism may be related to differences in the risk of conflict onset and prospects for conflict settlement. The framework will incorporate three dimensions of practised multilingualism: language use (daily speech practices), language ideology (views about language and their perceived status), and language policy (which languages are promoted and where, and how this impacts social interactions). The project is organised around three parallel yet interconnected Work Packages (WP, see figure). These will all start in project Year 1 and run simultaneously throughout. The […]
- [MCCRAfrica Team Workshop 2024](https://mccrafrica.org/mccrafrica-team-workshop-2024/): How is mccrafrica research organised? Our Work Packages The project will develop a new theoretical framework detailing mechanisms whereby practised multilingualism may be related to differences in the risk of conflict onset and prospects for conflict settlement. The framework will incorporate three dimensions of practised multilingualism: language use (daily speech practices), language ideology (views about language and their perceived status), and language policy (which languages are promoted and where, and how this impacts social interactions). The project is organised around three parallel yet interconnected Work Packages (WP, see figure). These will all start in project Year 1 and run simultaneously throughout. The […]

## Pages

- [Publications](https://mccrafrica.org/publications/): How is mccrafrica research organised? Our Work Packages The project will develop a new theoretical framework detailing mechanisms whereby practised multilingualism may be related to differences in the risk of conflict onset and prospects for conflict settlement. The framework will incorporate three dimensions of practised multilingualism: language use (daily speech practices), language ideology (views about language and their perceived status), and language policy (which languages are promoted and where, and how this impacts social interactions). The project is organised around three parallel yet interconnected Work Packages (WP, see figure). These will all start in project Year 1 and run simultaneously throughout. The […]
- [News](https://mccrafrica.org/mccra-news/): How is mccrafrica research organised? Our Work Packages The project will develop a new theoretical framework detailing mechanisms whereby practised multilingualism may be related to differences in the risk of conflict onset and prospects for conflict settlement. The framework will incorporate three dimensions of practised multilingualism: language use (daily speech practices), language ideology (views about language and their perceived status), and language policy (which languages are promoted and where, and how this impacts social interactions). The project is organised around three parallel yet interconnected Work Packages (WP, see figure). These will all start in project Year 1 and run simultaneously throughout. The […]
- [Work Packages](https://mccrafrica.org/workpackages/): How is mccrafrica research organised? Our Work Packages The project will develop a new theoretical framework detailing mechanisms whereby practised multilingualism may be related to differences in the risk of conflict onset and prospects for conflict settlement. The framework will incorporate three dimensions of practised multilingualism: language use (daily speech practices), language ideology (views about language and their perceived status), and language policy (which languages are promoted and where, and how this impacts social interactions). The project is organised around three parallel yet interconnected Work Packages (WP, see figure). These will all start in project Year 1 and run simultaneously throughout. The […]
- [Our Team](https://mccrafrica.org/elementor-page-3520/): How is mccrafrica research organised? Our Work Packages The project will develop a new theoretical framework detailing mechanisms whereby practised multilingualism may be related to differences in the risk of conflict onset and prospects for conflict settlement. The framework will incorporate three dimensions of practised multilingualism: language use (daily speech practices), language ideology (views about language and their perceived status), and language policy (which languages are promoted and where, and how this impacts social interactions). The project is organised around three parallel yet interconnected Work Packages (WP, see figure). These will all start in project Year 1 and run simultaneously throughout. The […]
- [Country Impact Partners](https://mccrafrica.org/country-impact-partners/): How is mccrafrica research organised? Our Work Packages The project will develop a new theoretical framework detailing mechanisms whereby practised multilingualism may be related to differences in the risk of conflict onset and prospects for conflict settlement. The framework will incorporate three dimensions of practised multilingualism: language use (daily speech practices), language ideology (views about language and their perceived status), and language policy (which languages are promoted and where, and how this impacts social interactions). The project is organised around three parallel yet interconnected Work Packages (WP, see figure). These will all start in project Year 1 and run simultaneously throughout. The […]
- [Impact](https://mccrafrica.org/impact/): How is mccrafrica research organised? Our Work Packages The project will develop a new theoretical framework detailing mechanisms whereby practised multilingualism may be related to differences in the risk of conflict onset and prospects for conflict settlement. The framework will incorporate three dimensions of practised multilingualism: language use (daily speech practices), language ideology (views about language and their perceived status), and language policy (which languages are promoted and where, and how this impacts social interactions). The project is organised around three parallel yet interconnected Work Packages (WP, see figure). These will all start in project Year 1 and run simultaneously throughout. The […]
- [Practitioner Advisory Group](https://mccrafrica.org/mccrafrica-pag/): How is mccrafrica research organised? Our Work Packages The project will develop a new theoretical framework detailing mechanisms whereby practised multilingualism may be related to differences in the risk of conflict onset and prospects for conflict settlement. The framework will incorporate three dimensions of practised multilingualism: language use (daily speech practices), language ideology (views about language and their perceived status), and language policy (which languages are promoted and where, and how this impacts social interactions). The project is organised around three parallel yet interconnected Work Packages (WP, see figure). These will all start in project Year 1 and run simultaneously throughout. The […]
- [Collaborating Institutions](https://mccrafrica.org/institutions/): How is mccrafrica research organised? Our Work Packages The project will develop a new theoretical framework detailing mechanisms whereby practised multilingualism may be related to differences in the risk of conflict onset and prospects for conflict settlement. The framework will incorporate three dimensions of practised multilingualism: language use (daily speech practices), language ideology (views about language and their perceived status), and language policy (which languages are promoted and where, and how this impacts social interactions). The project is organised around three parallel yet interconnected Work Packages (WP, see figure). These will all start in project Year 1 and run simultaneously throughout. The […]
- [Our Research](https://mccrafrica.org/our-research/): How is mccrafrica research organised? Our Work Packages The project will develop a new theoretical framework detailing mechanisms whereby practised multilingualism may be related to differences in the risk of conflict onset and prospects for conflict settlement. The framework will incorporate three dimensions of practised multilingualism: language use (daily speech practices), language ideology (views about language and their perceived status), and language policy (which languages are promoted and where, and how this impacts social interactions). The project is organised around three parallel yet interconnected Work Packages (WP, see figure). These will all start in project Year 1 and run simultaneously throughout. The […]
- [Countries](https://mccrafrica.org/countries/): How is mccrafrica research organised? Our Work Packages The project will develop a new theoretical framework detailing mechanisms whereby practised multilingualism may be related to differences in the risk of conflict onset and prospects for conflict settlement. The framework will incorporate three dimensions of practised multilingualism: language use (daily speech practices), language ideology (views about language and their perceived status), and language policy (which languages are promoted and where, and how this impacts social interactions). The project is organised around three parallel yet interconnected Work Packages (WP, see figure). These will all start in project Year 1 and run simultaneously throughout. The […]
- [Home](https://mccrafrica.org/): How is mccrafrica research organised? Our Work Packages The project will develop a new theoretical framework detailing mechanisms whereby practised multilingualism may be related to differences in the risk of conflict onset and prospects for conflict settlement. The framework will incorporate three dimensions of practised multilingualism: language use (daily speech practices), language ideology (views about language and their perceived status), and language policy (which languages are promoted and where, and how this impacts social interactions). The project is organised around three parallel yet interconnected Work Packages (WP, see figure). These will all start in project Year 1 and run simultaneously throughout. The […]
- [Contact Us](https://mccrafrica.org/contact-us/): How is mccrafrica research organised? Our Work Packages The project will develop a new theoretical framework detailing mechanisms whereby practised multilingualism may be related to differences in the risk of conflict onset and prospects for conflict settlement. The framework will incorporate three dimensions of practised multilingualism: language use (daily speech practices), language ideology (views about language and their perceived status), and language policy (which languages are promoted and where, and how this impacts social interactions). The project is organised around three parallel yet interconnected Work Packages (WP, see figure). These will all start in project Year 1 and run simultaneously throughout. The […]
- [About](https://mccrafrica.org/about-us/): How is mccrafrica research organised? Our Work Packages The project will develop a new theoretical framework detailing mechanisms whereby practised multilingualism may be related to differences in the risk of conflict onset and prospects for conflict settlement. The framework will incorporate three dimensions of practised multilingualism: language use (daily speech practices), language ideology (views about language and their perceived status), and language policy (which languages are promoted and where, and how this impacts social interactions). The project is organised around three parallel yet interconnected Work Packages (WP, see figure). These will all start in project Year 1 and run simultaneously throughout. The […]

## Optional

- [Agent (MCP protocol)](websites-agents.hostinger.com/mccrafrica.org/mcp)

[comment]: # (Generated by Hostinger Tools Plugin)